Suomen Mestari 1 - Kappale 4: MinĂ€ đ #
Source: Suomen mestari 1
Chapter: Kappale 4
Topic: Self-introduction, family, appearance, clothing
Text 1: Olga #
MinÀ olen Olga.
I am Olga.
MinÀ olen naimisissa Veijon kanssa.
I am married to Veijo.
- naimisissa - married (inessive)
- Veijon - Veijo’s (genitive) [Veijo â Veijon]
- kanssa - with / together with (postposition, takes genitive)
“olla naimisissa + genitive + kanssa” = to be married to someone.
Veijo on suomalainen.
Veijo is Finnish.
MinÀ rakastan hÀntÀ.
I love him.
- rakastan - I love (rakastaa, 1st person singular)
- hĂ€ntĂ€ - him/her (partitive) [hĂ€n â hĂ€ntĂ€]
rakastaa (to love) takes the partitive: rakastan hÀntÀ (I love him/her).
MeillÀ on yksi lapsi.
We have one child.
- MeillĂ€ on - we have (adessive expressing possession) [me â meillĂ€]
- yksi - one
- lapsi - child
HÀn on söpö 4-vuotias tyttö ja hÀnen nimi on Julia.
She is a cute 4-year-old girl and her name is Julia.
- söpö - cute
- 4-vuotias - 4 years old [vuosi (year) â -vuotias (years old)]
- tyttö - girl
- hĂ€nen - her/his (genitive) [hĂ€n â hĂ€nen]
Me asumme HelsingissÀ, mutta Veijo on töissÀ Espoossa.
We live in Helsinki, but Veijo works in Espoo.
- asumme - we live (asua, 1st person plural)
- on töissÀ - is at work (töissÀ = inessive plural of työ)
HĂ€n on bussikuski.
He is a bus driver.
- bussikuski - bus driver [bussi + kuski]
Minulla ei ole töitÀ Suomessa vielÀ, mutta minÀ etsin työpaikkaa.
I don’t have work in Finland yet, but I am looking for a job.
- Minulla ei ole - I don’t have (negative possession structure)
- töitĂ€ - work (partitive plural) [työ â töitĂ€]
- etsin - I am looking for (etsiÀ, 1st person singular)
- työpaikkaa - a job (partitive) [työpaikka â työpaikkaa]
Negative possession: minulla ei ole + partitive.
Nyt olen opiskelija.
Now I am a student.
Olen samalla suomen kurssilla Pedron ja Alexin kanssa.
I am on the same Finnish course as Pedro and Alex.
- samalla kurssilla - on the same course (sama + adessive)
- Pedron - Pedro’s (genitive)
- Alexin - Alex’s (genitive)
- kanssa - with
Text 2: Alex #
Minun nimi on Alex ja olen 31 vuotta vanha.
My name is Alex and I am 31 years old.
- 31 vuotta vanha - 31 years old (vuotta = partitive of vuosi; numbers take partitive)
Olen pitkÀ ja hoikka ja pidÀn urheilusta.
I am tall and slim and I like sports.
- pitkÀ - tall / long
- hoikka - slim / slender
- pidÀn - I like (pitÀÀ, 1st person singular)
- urheilusta - sports (elative) [urheilu â urheilusta]
pitÀÀ + elative (-sta/-stÀ) = to like something.
Olen rauhallinen ja ehkÀ myös vÀhÀn ujo.
I am calm and maybe also a little shy.
- rauhallinen - calm / peaceful
- ehkÀ - maybe / perhaps
- ujo - shy
MinÀ olen eronnut ja nyt olen sinkku.
I am divorced and now I am single.
- eronnut - divorced (past participle of erota)
- sinkku - single
Minulla ei ole perhettÀ Suomessa, mutta EtelÀ-Afrikassa minulla on iso suku: kaksi pikkusiskoa, isoveli, neljÀ tÀtiÀ, kolme setÀÀ ja 18 serkkua.
I don’t have family in Finland, but in South Africa I have a big extended family: two younger sisters, an older brother, four aunts, three uncles and 18 cousins.
- Minulla ei ole perhettĂ€ - I don’t have family (perhettĂ€ = partitive of perhe)
- iso suku - big family / extended family [iso (big) + suku (family/clan)]
- kaksi pikkusiskoa - two younger sisters [pikkusisko â pikkusiskoa, partitive]
- isoveli - older brother [iso (big/older) + veli (brother)]
- neljĂ€ tĂ€tiĂ€ - four aunts [tĂ€ti â tĂ€tiĂ€, partitive]
- kolme setÀÀ - three uncles [setĂ€ â setÀÀ, partitive]
- 18 serkkua - 18 cousins [serkku â serkkua, partitive]
With numbers 2 and above, nouns take the partitive singular.
Olen nyt helsinkilÀinen.
I am now a Helsinkian.
- helsinkilÀinen - a person from Helsinki (the -lainen/-lÀinen suffix denotes a person from a place)
Minulla on kiva asunto ItÀ-HelsingissÀ.
I have a nice apartment in eastern Helsinki.
- kiva - nice / cool
- asunto - apartment / home
- ItÀ-HelsingissÀ - in eastern Helsinki (inessive)
Asunnossa on kaksi huonetta ja keittiö.
The apartment has two rooms and a kitchen.
- Asunnossa - in the apartment (inessive) [asunto â asunnossa]
- huonetta - rooms (partitive) [huone â huonetta]
- keittiö - kitchen
MinÀ pidÀn minun asunnosta, koska se on valoisa ja viihtyisÀ.
I like my apartment because it is bright and cosy.
- pidÀn asunnosta - I like the apartment (pitÀÀ + elative)
- valoisa - bright / light
- viihtyisÀ - cosy / comfortable
Talossa on neljÀ kerrosta.
The building has four floors.
- Talossa - in the building (inessive) [talo â talossa]
- kerrosta - floors (partitive) [kerros â kerrosta]
Text 3: Pedro #
Minun nimi on Pedro. Olen puhelias ja iloinen brasilialainen.
My name is Pedro. I am a talkative and cheerful Brazilian.
- puhelias - talkative
- iloinen - cheerful / happy
Minulla on musta kihara tukka ja tummat silmÀt.
I have black curly hair and dark eyes.
- musta - black
- kihara - curly
- tukka - hair
- tummat - dark (plural) [tumma â tummat]
- silmĂ€t - eyes (plural) [silmĂ€ â silmĂ€t]
Olen 178 cm pitkÀ.
I am 178 cm tall.
Minun tyttöystÀvÀ Hanna on suomalainen.
My girlfriend Hanna is Finnish.
- tyttöystÀvÀ - girlfriend [tyttö (girl) + ystÀvÀ (friend)]
HÀn on opiskelija, mutta hÀn on myös töissÀ kaupassa.
She is a student, but she also works in a shop.
- kaupassa - in a shop (inessive) [kauppa â kaupassa]
MeillÀ ei ole autoa. Ajamme paljon pyörÀllÀ.
We don’t have a car. We cycle a lot.
- MeillĂ€ ei ole autoa - we don’t have a car (autoa = partitive of auto; negative possession)
- Ajamme - we ride/drive (ajaa, 1st person plural)
- paljon - a lot
- pyörĂ€llĂ€ - by bicycle (adessive) [pyörĂ€ â pyörĂ€llĂ€]
Minulla on myös suomalainen ystÀvÀ Mikko, mutta hÀn ei asu nyt Suomessa.
I also have a Finnish friend Mikko, but he doesn’t live in Finland now.
HÀn on töissÀ Brasiliassa.
He works in Brazil.
Key Phrases #
| Finnish | English |
|---|---|
| Olen naimisissa. | I am married. |
| Olen eronnut. | I am divorced. |
| Olen sinkku. | I am single. |
| Olen kihloissa. | I am engaged. |
| Minulla on lemmikki. | I have a pet. |
| Olen töissÀ. | I am at work. |
| Olen työtön. | I am unemployed. |
| Olen elÀkkeellÀ. | I am retired. |
| Olen bussikuski. | I am a bus driver. |
| HĂ€nellĂ€ ei ole vielĂ€ töitĂ€ Suomessa. | He/she doesn’t have work in Finland yet. |
| HÀn etsii työpaikkaa. | He/she is looking for a job. |
| Olen pitkÀ ja hoikka. | I am tall and slim. |
| Olen lyhyt ja tukeva. | I am short and stocky. |
| Minulla on musta kihara tukka. | I have black curly hair. |
| Olen hyvÀnnÀköinen. | I am good-looking. |
| Olen kalju. | I am bald. |
| Poika on söpö. | The boy is cute. |
| Tyttö on suloinen. | The girl is sweet. |
| Olen hieman ujo. | I am a little shy. |
| Olen puhelias. | I am talkative. |
| Minulla on mukava asunto. | I have a nice apartment. |
| Asunnossa on kolme huonetta, vessa ja keittiö. | The apartment has three rooms, a bathroom and a kitchen. |
| Minun asunto on valoisa ja viihtyisÀ. | My apartment is bright and cosy. |
| Ajan paljon pyörÀllÀ. | I cycle a lot. |
| HeillÀ on huomenna testi. | They have a test tomorrow. |
| HeillĂ€ ei ole huomenna testiĂ€. | They don’t have a test tomorrow. |
| IsoisÀllÀ on parta. | Grandfather has a beard. |
| IsoisĂ€llĂ€ ei ole partaa. | Grandfather doesn’t have a beard. |
| HĂ€n puhuu opettajan kanssa. | He/she is talking with the teacher. |
| MistÀ sinÀ pidÀt? | What do you like? |
| PidÀn omenasta. | I like apples. |
| En pidĂ€ banaanista. | I don’t like bananas. |
Clothing Vocabulary (Vaatteet) #
| Finnish | English |
|---|---|
| t-paita | T-shirt |
| paita | shirt |
| mekko | dress |
| hame | skirt |
| puku | suit |
| housut | trousers |
| shortsit | shorts |
| farkut | jeans |
| villapusero | sweater |
| takki | coat / jacket |
| uimapuku | swimsuit |
| uimahousut | swimming trunks |
| kengÀt | shoes |
| saappaat | boots |
| lenkkarit / lenkkitossut | trainers / sneakers |
| sukat | socks |
| kÀsineet | gloves |
| pipo | beanie hat |
| huivi | scarf / headscarf |
| kaulaliina | scarf (neck) |
| solmio | tie |
| vyö | belt |
| sateenvarjo | umbrella |
| alusvaatteet | underwear (general) |
| rintaliivit | bra |
| alushousut / kalsarit | underpants |
| aluspaita | undershirt |
Useful Pattern #
MitÀ sinulla on pÀÀllÀ?
What are you wearing?
Minulla on âŠ
I am wearing âŠ
pÀÀllĂ€ literally means “on top / on one’s person”; olla pÀÀllĂ€ = to be wearing (clothes).
Vocabulary #
| Finnish | English | Word Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| naimisissa | married | adjective | olla naimisissa + genitive + kanssa |
| kanssa | with / together with | postposition | takes genitive |
| rakastaa | to love | verb | + partitive |
| meillÀ on | we have | expression | adessive for possession |
| lapsi | child | noun | lapsen / lasta |
| söpö | cute | adjective | |
| -vuotias | years old | suffix | 4-vuotias = 4 years old |
| tyttö | girl | noun | tytön / tyttöÀ |
| bussikuski | bus driver | noun | bussi + kuski |
| minulla ei ole | I don’t have | expression | negative possession + partitive |
| etsiÀ | to look for | verb | + partitive |
| hoikka | slim / slender | adjective | |
| pitÀÀ + -sta/stÀ | to like | verb | pitÀÀ urheilusta = to like sports |
| urheilu | sport / exercise | noun | |
| rauhallinen | calm / peaceful | adjective | |
| ehkÀ | maybe / perhaps | adverb | |
| ujo | shy | adjective | |
| eronnut | divorced | adjective | past participle of erota |
| sinkku | single | noun/adjective | |
| perhe | family | noun | perheen / perhettÀ |
| suku | extended family / clan | noun | |
| pikkusisko | younger sister | noun | pikku (little) + sisko (sister) |
| isoveli | older brother | noun | iso (big/older) + veli (brother) |
| tĂ€ti | aunt | noun | parent’s sister |
| setĂ€ | uncle | noun | father’s brother |
| serkku | cousin | noun | |
| helsinkilÀinen | person from Helsinki | noun/adjective | |
| asunto | apartment / home | noun | |
| kerros | floor / storey | noun | kerrosta (partitive) |
| huone | room | noun | huoneen / huonetta |
| keittiö | kitchen | noun | |
| valoisa | bright / light | adjective | |
| viihtyisÀ | cosy / comfortable | adjective | |
| puhelias | talkative | adjective | |
| iloinen | cheerful / happy | adjective | |
| musta | black | adjective | |
| kihara | curly | noun/adjective | |
| tumma | dark | adjective | |
| tyttöystÀvÀ | girlfriend | noun | tyttö + ystÀvÀ |
| kauppa | shop / store | noun | kaupan / kauppaa |
| meillĂ€ ei ole | we don’t have | expression | negative possession + partitive |
| pyörÀ | bicycle / wheel | noun | pyörÀllÀ = by bicycle |
Key Grammar #
1. Possession and Its Negation #
Positive: adessive + on
Negative: adessive + ei ole + partitive
| English | Finnish |
|---|---|
| I have a child. | Minulla on lapsi. |
| I don’t have work. | Minulla ei ole töitĂ€. |
| We have a car. | MeillÀ on auto. |
| We don’t have a car. | MeillĂ€ ei ole autoa. |
In the negative, the noun shifts to the partitive: auto â autoa, perhe â perhettĂ€.
2. pitÀÀ + Elative: Expressing Likes #
pitÀÀ + -sta/-stÀ = to like something
| English | Finnish |
|---|---|
| I like sports. | MinÀ pidÀn urheilusta. |
| I like my apartment. | MinÀ pidÀn asunnosta. |
3. Numbers + Partitive #
With numbers 2 and above, the noun takes the partitive singular:
| English | Finnish |
|---|---|
| two younger sisters | kaksi pikkusiskoa |
| three uncles | kolme setÀÀ |
| four aunts | neljÀ tÀtiÀ |
| two rooms | kaksi huonetta |
4. rakastaa + Partitive: Expressing Love #
rakastaa + partitive = to love someone/something
- MinÀ rakastan hÀntÀ. (I love him/her.)
5. Age and Height #
- Age: X vuotta vanha (X years old) â vuotta is the partitive of vuosi
- Height: X cm pitkÀ (X cm tall)